New Technique Maps Solar Magnetic Activity Using Kodaikanal Data

Astronomers from the Indian Institute of Astrophysics have developed a novel method to trace the Sun's magnetic activity by utilizing calcium K line spectroscopic data from the Kodaikanal Solar Observatory. This breakthrough, documented over an 11-year period, has mapped solar activity with respect to latitude, significantly enhancing our understanding of the Sun’s magnetic dynamo. The findings show solar activity mainly concentrates between 40 degrees north and south latitudes, affecting space weather and terrestrial climate, which play crucial roles in satellite communication and power grids. The study also observed differences in the magnetic activity between the northern and southern hemispheres, shedding light on the complex magnetic processes behind solar activity cycles. This research, published in the 'Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society', offers insights into long-term solar variability and its effects on Earth.

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